Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources

 Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources

1. Answer the following questions:

Question (i) Which are the two main climatic factors responsible for soil formation?

Answer:  Two main climatic factors responsible for soil formation are:

                  i. Temperature      ii. Rainfall

Question (ii) Write any two reasons for land degredation today.

Answer: Important reasons for land degredation are:

 i. Deforestation      ii. Overgrazing   

iii. Over use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides

iv. Rain wash or soil erosion due to rain 

v. Landslides   

vi. Soil erosion due to flood

As a part of answer write any two points

 

Question (iii) Why is land considered an important resource?

Answer: Land is considered as an important resource for several reasons:

i. Basis for Agriculture:  Land is the foundation of agriculture. I provides space and nutrients for growing crops. Agriculture is esssential for food producton.

ii.Habitat for human beings: Land provides space for human settlements, constructing buildings, houses, roads etc. it also provides sapace for setting up industries which is the requirement of today’s modern world.

 

Question  (iv) Name any two steps that government has taken to conserve plants and animals.

Answer: Two most important steps taken by the government to conserve plants and animals are as follows:                                                             i. National parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves are made to protect our natural vegetation and wildlife.

ii. Awareness programmes like social forestry and Vanamohatasava have been organised at the regional and community level. 

 

Question  (v) Suggest three ways to conserve water.

Answer: Three important ways to conserve water are:

i. Forest and vegetation cover: We should increase forest and vegetation cover area by planting more and more trees as forest and vegetation cover slow the surface run offand replenish underground water.

ii. Rain water harvesting: We should adopt various rain water harvesting methods to conserve water.

iii. Appropriate Methods of Irrigation: The canals used for irrigating field should be properly lined to minimise losses by water seepage. Sprinklers should be used  for irrigation effectively, so that water losses through seepage could be minimised.

2. Tick the correct answer.

(i) Which one of the following is NOT a factor of soil formation?

(a) time (b) soil texture (c) organic matter

Answer: (b) soil texture

 

(ii) Which one of the following methods is most appropriate to check soil erosion on steep slopes?

(a) shelter belts (b) mulching (c) terrace cultivation

Answer: (c) terrace cultivation

 

(iii) Which one of the following is NOT in favour of the conservation of nature?

(a) switch off the bulb when not in use

(b) close the tap immediately after using

(c) dispose polypacks after shopping

Answer: (c) dispose polypacks after shopping

3. Match the followings :

(i) Land use                              (a) prevent soil erosion

(ii) Humus                                (b) narrow zone of contact between the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere

( iii) Rock dams                       (c) productive use of land

(iv) Biosphere                          (d) organic matter deposited on top soil

                                                    (e) contour ploughing

Answer: (i) Land use                 (c)productive use of land

                 (ii) Humus                 (d) organic matter deposited on top soil

                ( iii) Rock dams         (a) prevent soil erosion

               (iv) Biosphere             (b) narrow zone of contact between the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere

4. State whether the given statement is true or false. If true, write the reasons.

(i) Ganga–Brahmaputra plain of India is an overpopulated region.

Answer: True

Reason: Ganga–Brahmaputra plain of India is an overpopulated region, because it provide suitable land for agriculture.

 

(ii) Water availability per person in India is declining.

Answer: True

Reason: Water availability per person in India is declining because of increasing population, urbanization and industrialization.

 

(iii) Rows of trees planted in the coastal areas to check the wind movement is called intercropping.

Answer: False

 

(iv) Human interference and changes of climate can maintain the ecosystem.

Answer: False